Hawthorne was a novelist and short-story writer, born in Salem, MA. Educated at Bowdon College, he shut himself away for 12 years to learn to write fiction. His first major success was the novel The Scarlet Letter (1850), still the best known of his works. Other books include The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Snow Image (1852), and a campaign biography of his old schoolfriend, President Franklin Pierce, on whose inauguration Hawthorne became consul at Liverpool (1853--7). Only belatedly recognized in his own country, he continued to write articles and stories, notably those for the Atlantic Monthly, collected as Our Old Home.
納撒尼爾·霍桑(1804-1864),美國作家,十九世紀(jì)后期美國浪漫主義文學(xué)的重要代表。其代表作《紅字》一經(jīng)問世便引起巨大轟動(dòng),時(shí)至今日仍是不朽的經(jīng)典。
《紅字》描寫了二百多年以前發(fā)生在新英格蘭殖民時(shí)期一個(gè)浪漫的愛情悲劇。小說以深邃的主題,以象征、隱喻等藝術(shù)手法形成獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格,對美國文學(xué)史上一批卓有成就的作家如梅爾維爾、海明威、菲茨杰拉德、??思{等都產(chǎn)生過影響。