這套讀本的英文原版共分七級,包括啟蒙讀本和第1-6級??紤]到啟蒙讀本與第一級篇幅都較少,難易程度也很接近,于是將之合并為第1冊,其余2-6級與英文原版相同。這樣國內(nèi)出版的這套讀本共包括6冊。
《美國語文讀本5(美國原版經(jīng)典語文課本)》主要介紹了狄更斯、華盛頓o歐文、愛默生等名家的詩歌和散文,每篇文章前還增加了作者簡介與相關(guān)背景知識,內(nèi)容豐富而有一定深度。
This series of schoolbooks teaching reading and moral precepts originally prepared by William Holmes who was a professor at Miami University McGuffey had a profound influence on public education in the United States. The eclectic readers meaning that the selections were chosen from a number of sources were considered remarkably literary works and probably exerted a greater influence upon literary tastes in the United States more than any other book excluding the Bible.
It is estimated that at least 120 million copies of McGuffey's Readers were sold between 1836 and 1960 placing its sales in a category with the Bible and Webster's Dictionary. Since 1961 they have continued to sell at a rate of some 30000 copies a year. No other textbook bearing a single person's name has come close to that mark. McGuffey's Readers are still in use today in some school systems and by parents for home schooling purposes.
The fifth reader was designed for elocutionary exercises to increase articulation inflection pitch accent rate emphasis and gesture. It contained poetry and prose by Sigourney Montgomery Addison Irving Young and Byron.
威廉·H·麥加菲,美國著名教育家。1800年出生于賓夕法尼亞州,1826年畢業(yè)于華盛頓大學(xué)杰斐遜學(xué)院。在數(shù)十年教育生涯中,他曾擔(dān)任過邁阿密大學(xué)語言學(xué)教授,俄亥俄大學(xué)校長。自1845年開始任弗吉尼亞大學(xué)道德哲學(xué)教授。他還幫助組建了俄亥俄州公立學(xué)校體系。
早在19世紀(jì)初期,麥加菲就意識到,應(yīng)該給那些孤獨的墾荒者和歐洲移民的后代提供普遍的教育,于是他利用自己作為演講家與教育工作者的天賦,開始為孩子們編寫系列教材。這套教材共7冊,從學(xué)齡前至第6年級。他前后花費了20多年的時間才完成全套教材的編寫。這套教材面世后就被美國很多學(xué)校選為課本。在75年間銷量高達1.22億,直到今天仍以各種版本流行于西方,被美國《出版周刊》評為“人類出版史上第三大暢銷書”,對美國青年的心靈塑造與道德培養(yǎng)產(chǎn)生了史無前例的影響。
William Holmes McGuffey (September 23, 1800 – May 4, 1873) was an American professor and college president who is best known for writing the McGuffey Readers, one of the nation's first and most widely used series of textbooks. It is estimated that at least 122 million copies of McGuffey Readers were sold between 1836 and 1960, placing its sales in a category with the Bible and Webster's Dictionary.
He was born the son of Alexander and Anna (Holmes) McGuffey near Claysville in Washington County, Pennsylvania, which is 45 miles southwest of Pittsburgh. In 1802 the McGuffey family moved further out into the frontier at Tuscarawas County, Ohio. He attended country school, and after receiving special instruction at Youngstown, he attended Greersburg Academy in Darlington, Pennsylvania. Afterwards, he attended and graduated from Pennsylvania's Washington College, where he became an instructor.
He was close friends with Washington College's President Andrew Wylie and lived in Wylie's house for a time; they often would walk the 3 miles to Washington College together.
McGuffey's house in OxfordMcGuffey left Washington College in 1826 to become a professor at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. A year later in 1827, he was married to Harriet Spinning of Dayton, Ohio, with whom he had five children. In 1829, he was ordained at Bethel Chapel as a minister in the Presbyterian Church. It was in Oxford that he created the most important contribution of his life: The McGuffey Readers. His books sold over 122 million copies. He was very fond of teaching and children as he geared the books toward a younger audience.
In 1836, he left Miami to become president of Cincinnati College, where he also served as a distinguished teacher and lecturer. He left Cincinnati in 1839 to become the 4th president of Ohio University, which he left in 1843 to become president of Woodward College (really a secondary school) in Cincinnati.
In 1845, McGuffey moved to Charlottesville, Virginia where he became Professor of Philosophy at the University of Virginia. A year after his first wife Harriet died in 1850, he married Miss Laura Howard, daughter of Dean Howard of the University of Virginia, in 1851. McGuffey is buried in the university burial ground, in Charlottesville, Virginia. The School of Education at Miami University is housed in McGuffey Hall which is named for him and his home in Oxford is a National Historic Landmark offering tours on weekdays.